| Back |
|
The side reverse to the face of a panel or the poorer side
of panel in any grade calling for a face and a back. |
| Bark Pocket |
|
Comparitively small area of bark around which normal wood
has grown. |
| Book Matching |
|
Achieved when successive veneer leaves in a flitch are
turned over like the pages in a book and are glued in this manner. Since
the reverse side of one leaf is a mirror image of the succeeding leaf,
the result is a series pairs. |
| Burl |
|
A swirl or twist in the grain of the wood that usually
occurs near a knot or crotch but does not contain a knot. |
| Cathedral |
|
A grain appearance characterized by a series of stacked
"V" and inverted "V" pattern common in plain-sliced (flat-cut) veneer. |
| Center Matching |
|
Each panel face is made with an even number of flitch sheets
with a center line appearing at the midpoint of the panel and an equal
number of veneer sheets on each side of the center line. |
| Checks |
|
Small slits running parallel to the grain of wood caused
chiefly by strains produced in seasoning. |
| Comb Grain |
|
A quality of rift veneer with exceptionally straight grain
and closely spaced growth increments. |
| Core |
|
Also referred to as "center". The innermost portion of
plywood assemblies. May be particleboard, fiberboard, hardboard, veneer
or sawn lumber. |
| Crossband |
|
The veneer sheet between the core and face veneer. Its
grain runs at right angles to the grain of adjacent layers, thereby providing
the remarkable stability of hardwood plywood. |
| Crossbar |
|
Type of figure or irregularity of grain resembling a dip
in grain running at right angles, or near so, to the length of the veneer
component. |
| Edgeband |
|
Thin strips of veneer used to cover the exposed edges of
panel substrates. This veneer is usually available in rolls of various
length and comes either pre-glued or unglued. |
| Face |
|
The better side of any panel in which the outer plies are
of different veneer grades. Also either side of a panel in which there
is no difference in veneer grade. |
| Figure |
|
The pattern produced in a wood surface by annual growth
rings, rays, knots, deviations from natural grain such as interlocked,
wavy grain and irregular coloration. |
| Flake Figure |
|
Flake figure is developed only in those species which
have very heavy medullary ray growth (i.e. Oak, Lacewood, and Sycamore).
When the saw is directly on or near to the radial, it is close to parallel
with the medullary ray and therefore develops the "Flake" effect. |
| Flat Cut |
|
Also called Plain Slicing, it is the most common method
of veneer manufacturing, producing a grain pattern known as cathedral.
Because each leaf in the flitch is similar, a consistent and even matching
pattern is possible. |
| Flitch |
|
A Section of a log made ready for cutting into veneers.
After cutting, all bundles are laid together in sequence as they were
sliced. |
| Grading |
|
Classifying veneers according to quality standards for
each species. This greatly impacts the price and end use of the veneer.
|
| Grain |
|
The direction, size, arrangement and appearance of the
fibers in wood or veneer. |
| Gum Pockets |
|
Well-defined openings between rings of annual growth, containing
gum or evidence of prior gum accumulations. |
| Hardwood |
|
General term used to designate lumber or veneer produced
from broad-leafed or deciduous trees in contrast to softwood, which is
produced from evergreens or coniferous trees. |
| Heartwood |
|
The non-active center of a tree, generally distinguishable
from the outer portion by its darker color. |
| Inconspicuous |
|
Barely detectable with the naked eye at a distance of 6'
to 8'. |
| Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) |
|
A panel or substrate material manufactured from wood fiber
and resin. |
| No Black Line / NBL |
|
Same as Wood on Wood or 2-Ply Veneer. |
| Open Knots |
|
Opening produced when a portion of the wood substance of
a knot has dropped out, or where cross checks have occurred to produce
an opening. |
| Particleboard |
|
A panel composed of small particles of wood and wood fiber
that are bonded together with synthetic resin adhesives in the presence
of heat and pressure. |
| Pin Knots |
|
Sound knots 1/4 inch or less that do not contain dark centers. |
| Quarter Slicing / Cut |
|
This cut requires the largest diameter logs and produces
straight grained veneers. The quarter slicing of oak can result in the
appearance of flake. |
| Random Matched
/ Planked |
|
A panel having the face made up of specially selected dissimilar
(in color and grain) veneer strips of the same species to stimulate lumber
planking. |
| Rift Cut |
|
Produced by cutting at a slight angle to the radial to
produce a quartered appearance without excessive ray flake. The rift cut
method, commonly used for Oak, can only be used on sizable logs. |
| Rotary Slicing |
|
The log is turned in a circular motion against a knife,
peeling off a continuous thin sheet of wood veneer (like unrolling wrapping
paper). It is the most economical method of producing veneer, resulting
in the highest yield. |
| Sapwood |
|
The living wood of lighter color occurring in the outer
portion of a tree. |
| Sequence Matching |
|
A method of arranging veneer faces such that each face
is in order relative to its original position in the tree and, therefore,
contains features of grain and figures similar to adjacent faces. |
| Shake |
|
A separation along the grain of wood in which the greater
part occurs between the rings of annual growth. |
| Slight |
|
Visible on observation, but does not interfere with the
overall aesthetic appearance with consideration of the applicable grade
of the panel. |
| Slip Matching |
|
Veneer leaves in a flitch are "slipped." Successive
veneer leaves in a flitch are "slipped" one alongside the other
and edge-glued in this manner. The result is a series of grain repeats,
but no pairs. |
| Softwood |
|
General term used to describe lumber or veneer produced
from needle and/or cone-bearing trees. |
| Sound and Tight Knots |
|
Knots that are solid across their face and fixed by growth
to retain their place. |
| Spliced Face Veneer |
|
Face veneers that have been joined in any one of several
matching effects through the careful factory process of tapeless splicing. |
| Veneer |
|
A thin sheet of wood, rotary cut, sliced or sawn from a
log or flitch. |
| Veneer Log |
|
Logs, either hardwood or softwood, which have specific
characteristics or traits which qualify them to be sliced for veneer only.
Less than 5% of all logs are of veneer quality. |
| Wood on Wood Veneer |
|
Same as 2-Ply Veneer and commonly interpreted as no black
line veneer. |
